Different HOMA2-based approaches did not classify patients with T2D in a consistent manner. The T2D classes characterized by high insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia appeared most distinct (BMJ Open, Diabetes Research & Care)
Diabetes News
Category: Genetics
Associations between deduced first islet specific autoantibody with sex, age at diagnosis and genetic risk factors in young children with type 1 diabetes
Strong differences in sex and age distributions as well as in genetic associations could be observed between GADA- and IAA-initiated autoimmunity (Pediatric Diabetes)
Clinical cardiovascular phenotypes and the pattern of future events in patients with type 2 diabetes
In T2D, a patient’s cardiovascular phenotype can help predict the pattern of future cardiovascular events (Clinical Research in Cardiology)
Prediabetes blunts DPP4 genetic control of postprandial glycaemia and insulin secretion
These results showed the DPP4 gene as a strong determinant of post-OGTT levels via glucose-sensing mechanisms that are abrogated in prediabetes (Diabetologia)
Epigenome-wide association study of incident type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of five prospective European cohorts
By combining results from five European cohorts, and thus significantly increasing study sample size, we identified 76 CpG sites associated with incident type 2 diabetes (Diabetologia)
Improvements in Awareness and Testing Have Led to a Threefold Increase Over 10 Years in the Identification of Monogenic Diabetes in the U.K.
Since 2009, referral rates and case diagnosis have increased threefold. This is likely to be the consequence of tNGS, GDN education, and use of the MODY calculator (Diabetes Care)
Recessive Genome-wide Meta-analysis Illuminates Genetic Architecture of Type 2 Diabetes
These results demonstrate that recessive models, when compared to GWAS using the additive approach, can identify novel loci, including large-effect variants with pathophysiological consequences relevant to type 2 diabetes (Diabetes)
Adiponectin gene polymorphisms and risk of type 2 diabetes: an updated evidence for meta-analysis
Collectively, our findings demonstrated a positive association between ADIPOQ + 276 G > T polymorphism with increased risk of T2D in male individuals with European ethnicity (Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome)
Diabetes: Concepts of β-Cell Organ Dysfunction and Failure Would Lead to Earlier Diagnoses and Prevention
There is a potential to identify both T2D and T1D at stages well before the onset of currently recognized clinical disease (Diabetes)
What Is in the Field for Genetics and Epigenetics of Diabetic Neuropathy: The Role of MicroRNAs
In this scenario, the genetics of microRNAs is at a very preliminary stage. Notwithstanding, the study of genetics and epigenetics of miRNAs may well contribute to the identification of exploratory biomarkers of risk and pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy and to a comprehensive definition of susceptibility to specific pathogenetic mechanisms to favor a tailored mechanism-based treatment or prevention (Journal of Diabetes Research)
Incorporation of a genetics-based information module into standardized diabetes patient education
The educational module increased understanding of diabetes and increased motivation to adopt healthy behaviors (Primary Care Diabetes)
Association of genetic variants for plasma LRG1 with rapid decline in kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes
We demonstrate that genetically influenced plasma LRG1 increases the risk of RDKF in T2D patients suggesting plasma LRG1 as a potential treatment target. However, further studies are warranted to elucidate underlying pathways to provide insight into DKD prevention (Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism)
Increased frequency of β cells with abnormal NKX6.1 expression in type 2 diabetes but not in subjects with higher risk for type 2 diabetes
Our results suggested that NKX6.1 expression in β cells was changed in type 2 diabetic subjects, evidenced by significantly increased NKX6.1Nuc-Ins+ and NKX6.1cytIns− cells. This abnormality did not occur more frequently in subjects with a higher risk for T2DM, suggesting that β cell dedifferentiation might be secondary to the pathological changes in T2DM (BMC Endocrine Disorders)
Two decades since the fetal insulin hypothesis: what have we learned from genetics?
In summary, there is now ample evidence to support the idea that variants of certain genes which result in impaired pancreatic beta cell function and reduced insulin secretion contribute to both lower birthweight and higher type 2 diabetes risk in later life when inherited by the fetus (Diabetologia)
Genomic risk score provides predictive performance for type 2 diabetes in the UK biobank
The metaGRS significantly improves T2D prediction ability (Acta Diabetologica)
Glucose metabolism-related gene polymorphisms as the risk predictors of type 2 diabetes
In this review, we have summarized the results reported globally and found that the genetic variants of GCK and OCT3 genes is a risk factor for T2DM while G6PC2 and GCKR genes are controversial in different ethnic groups (Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome)
Integrating Genetics and the Plasma Proteome to Predict the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Studies of the human plasma proteome have started to elucidate its potential for T2D prediction and biomarker discovery (Current Diabetes Reports)
Next steps in the identification of gene targets for type 1 diabetes
The purpose of this review is to provide a view of the future of genomics and other omics approaches in defining the genetic contribution to all stages of risk of type 1 diabetes and the functional impact and clinical implementations of the associated variants (Diabetologia)
Effect of sidt2 Gene on Cell Insulin Resistance and Its Molecular Mechanism
sidt2 knockout can reduce glucose uptake in peripheral tissue under insulin stimulation, which may lead to peripheral tissue insulin resistance by affecting the IRS-1 signal pathway (Journal of Diabetes Research)
What Next After Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes? Selecting the Right Drug for the Right Patient
This study identified patients’ phenotypic characteristics that may have the potential to influence individual treatment response. Accounting for these characteristics in clinical treatment decisions may facilitate individualised prescribing by being able to select the right drug for the right patient (Diabetes Therapy)
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