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Diabetes News

Category: Genetics


Increased frequency of β cells with abnormal NKX6.1 expression in type 2 diabetes but not in subjects with higher risk for type 2 diabetes

March 14th 2021

Our results suggested that NKX6.1 expression in β cells was changed in type 2 diabetic subjects, evidenced by significantly increased NKX6.1Nuc-Ins+ and NKX6.1cytIns− cells. This abnormality did not occur more frequently in subjects with a higher risk for T2DM, suggesting that β cell dedifferentiation might be secondary to the pathological changes in T2DM (BMC Endocrine Disorders)

Categories: Genetics, News

Categories: Genetics

Two decades since the fetal insulin hypothesis: what have we learned from genetics?

March 8th 2021

In summary, there is now ample evidence to support the idea that variants of certain genes which result in impaired pancreatic beta cell function and reduced insulin secretion contribute to both lower birthweight and higher type 2 diabetes risk in later life when inherited by the fetus (Diabetologia)

Categories: Genetics, Gestational, News
Tags: fetal, insulin

Categories: Genetics, Gestational
Tags: fetal, insulin

Genomic risk score provides predictive performance for type 2 diabetes in the UK biobank

January 4th 2021

The metaGRS significantly improves T2D prediction ability (Acta Diabetologica)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: Type 2 Diabetes

Glucose metabolism-related gene polymorphisms as the risk predictors of type 2 diabetes

November 5th 2020

In this review, we have summarized the results reported globally and found that the genetic variants of GCK and OCT3 genes is a risk factor for T2DM while G6PC2 and GCKR genes are controversial in different ethnic groups (Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: polymorphisms, Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: polymorphisms, Type 2 Diabetes

Integrating Genetics and the Plasma Proteome to Predict the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

October 8th 2020

Studies of the human plasma proteome have started to elucidate its potential for T2D prediction and biomarker discovery (Current Diabetes Reports)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: Type 2 Diabetes

Next steps in the identification of gene targets for type 1 diabetes

September 30th 2020

The purpose of this review is to provide a view of the future of genomics and other omics approaches in defining the genetic contribution to all stages of risk of type 1 diabetes and the functional impact and clinical implementations of the associated variants (Diabetologia)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: Type 1 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: Type 1 Diabetes

Effect of sidt2 Gene on Cell Insulin Resistance and Its Molecular Mechanism

September 14th 2020

sidt2 knockout can reduce glucose uptake in peripheral tissue under insulin stimulation, which may lead to peripheral tissue insulin resistance by affecting the IRS-1 signal pathway (Journal of Diabetes Research)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: Insulin resistance

Categories: Genetics
Tags: Insulin resistance

What Next After Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes? Selecting the Right Drug for the Right Patient

May 19th 2020

This study identified patients’ phenotypic characteristics that may have the potential to influence individual treatment response. Accounting for these characteristics in clinical treatment decisions may facilitate individualised prescribing by being able to select the right drug for the right patient (Diabetes Therapy)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: metformin, phenotypic, Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: metformin, phenotypic, Type 2 Diabetes

Economics of Genetic Testing for Diabetes

March 27th 2019

CEAs have shown that genetic testing for monogenic diabetes diagnosis can be cost-effective or cost-saving and should guide insurers to consider broader coverage of these tests, which would lead to accurate and timely diagnosis and impact treatment and clinical outcomes (Current Diabetes Reports)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: testing

Categories: Genetics
Tags: testing

A variant of the glucose transporter gene SLC2A2 modifies the glycaemic response to metformin therapy in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes

January 7th 2019

The variant rs8192675 in the SLC2A2 gene (C allele) is associated with an improved glucose response to metformin monotherapy during the first year after diagnosis in type 2 diabetes (Diabetologia)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes

A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk

August 23rd 2018

The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives (Diabetes Care)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: Islet Autoimmunity, Type 1 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: Islet Autoimmunity, Type 1 Diabetes

MC1568 improves insulin secretion in islets from type 2 diabetes patients and rescues β-cell dysfunction caused by Hdac7 upregulation

August 7th 2018

HDAC7 inhibition protects β-cells from mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, and increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets from human T2D donors. Our study supports specific HDAC7 inhibitors as novel options in the treatment of T2D (Acta Diabetologica)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: Type 2 Diabetes

The Role of Epigenetics in Type 1 Diabetes

August 16th 2017

Epigenomics remains in its infancy, and we anticipate further studies will define how the interaction of genetic and non-genetic effects induces tissue-specific destruction and enhances our ability to predict, and possibly even modify that process (Current Diabetes Reports)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: epigenomics, Type 1 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: epigenomics, Type 1 Diabetes

Sox5 regulates beta-cell phenotype and is reduced in type 2 diabetes

June 6th 2017

We suggest that human islets in T2D display changes reminiscent of dedifferentiation and highlight SOX5 as a regulator of β-cell phenotype and function (Nature Communications)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: beta cell, Sox5, Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: beta cell, Sox5, Type 2 Diabetes

Relative contribution of type 1 and type 2 diabetes loci to the genetic etiology of adult-onset, non-insulin-requiring autoimmune diabetes

May 5th 2017

LADA is genetically closer to T1D than T2D, although the genetic load of T1D risk alleles is less than childhood-onset T1D, particularly at the major histocompatibility complex region, potentially accounting for the later disease onset. Our results show that the genetic spectrum of T1D extends into adult-onset diabetes, where it can clinically masquerade as T2D (BMC Medicine)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: lada, Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: lada, Type 2 Diabetes

Heritable components of the human fecal microbiome are associated with visceral fat

September 28th 2016

Our results provide novel insights into the role of the fecal microbiota in cardio-metabolic disease with clear potential for prevention and novel therapies (Genome Biology)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: microbiota

Categories: Genetics
Tags: microbiota

Epigenomic alterations contribute to obesity-associated diabetes

June 7th 2016

Epigenomic alterations that are associated with inflammation and type 2 diabetes (Karolinska Institutet)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: epigenomic

Categories: Genetics
Tags: epigenomic

Increased Melatonin Signaling Is a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes

May 12th 2016

Our study is one of the first pharmacogenetic studies in the field of T2D, employing a recall-by-genotype design. It demonstrated that the effect of melatonin on glucose metabolism is dependent upon genotype. Although yet to be proven, carriers of the MTNR1B risk variant are likely to have lower cAMP levels in pancreatic β cells. In view of this, incretin-based therapy, which amplifies cAMP signaling in β cells, may be particularly well suited for these patients (Cell Metabolism)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: melatonin, Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: melatonin, Type 2 Diabetes

Forkhead box transcription factor 1: role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy

March 9th 2016

In this review, we focus on the FOXO1 pathway and its role in various processes that have been related to DCM, such as metabolism, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and apoptosis (Cardiovascular Diabetology)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: FOXO1

Categories: Genetics
Tags: FOXO1

CLOCK gene variation is associated with incidence of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in type-2 diabetic subjects: dietary modulation in the PREDIMED randomized trial

January 7th 2016

We report for the first time an association between a CLOCK polymorphism and stroke in T2D subjects, suggesting that core clock genes may significantly contribute to increased CVD risk in T2D (Cardiovascular Diabetology)

Categories: Genetics, News
Tags: CLOCK gene, Type 2 Diabetes

Categories: Genetics
Tags: CLOCK gene, Type 2 Diabetes
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