This review highlights the ongoing problem of poor-attendance at PPC and identifies key barriers to be addressed when developing and implementing PPC programs for women with type 1 diabetes (Diabetic Medicine)
Diabetes News
Category: Gestational
Secular trend for increasing birthweight in offspring of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: is improved placentation the reason?
Here, we argue that the increase in birthweight is paradoxically related to improved glycaemic control in the pre- and periconceptional periods. Good glycaemic control reduces the prevalence of microangiopathy and improves placentation in early pregnancy, which may lead to unimpeded fetal nutrition (Diabetologia)
Continuous Glucose Monitoring for the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study
CGM was well-tolerated, showing poorer glycaemic control in GDM, and revealing potential misdiagnosis of the OGTT when combined with GDM risk factors. Future research is needed to determine cut-off values for CGM-defined and OGTT-independent screening criteria for GDM (Journal of Diabetes Research)
Gestational diabetes mellitus, epigenetic age and offspring metabolism
In this study, children exposed to GDM experience greater extrinsic EAA, which is associated with lower insulin sensitivity and greater insulin secretion. Further studies are needed to determine the directionality of these associations (Diabetic Medicine)
Association of gestational diabetes mellitus with overall and type specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis
Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risks of overall and type specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases that cannot be solely attributed to conventional cardiovascular risk factors or subsequent diabetes (BMJ)
The link between gestational diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: potential role of extracellular vesicles
understanding the effect of EV signaling during pregnancy, on fetal programming for the development of metabolic diseases such as CVD, is a fertile area for future investigation (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Lower versus Higher Glycemic Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes
The use of lower glycemic criteria for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes did not result in a lower risk of a large-for-gestational-age infant than the use of higher glycemic criteria (NEJM)
Cardiovascular biomarkers in pregnancy with diabetes and associations to glucose control
Circulating cTnT levels were higher in women with DM1, DM2 and GDM as compared to controls, whereas NT-proBNP and GDF-15 levels were only increased in women with DM1. Glucose dysregulation, assessed by third trimester HbA1c levels, positively correlated with all three CVD biomarker levels, whereas pregestational body mass index correlated negatively with GDF-15 (Acta Diabetologica)
Long-Term Metabolic Outcomes after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): Results from the Odense GDM Follow-Up Study (OGFUS)
Despite similar BMI, women with pGDM had a substantially higher risk of developing T2DM, prediabetes, and the MetS compared to controls. Both beta cell dysfunction and reduced insulin sensitivity seem to contribute to this increased risk (Journal of Diabetes Research)
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics and Birth Weight: Informing Management of Type 1 Diabetes Throughout Pregnancy
Normal birth weight is associated with achieving significantly lower mean CGM glucose concentration across the 24-h day and higher CGM time in range from before the end of the first trimester, emphasizing the need for a shift in clinical management, with increased focus on using weekly CGM glucose targets for optimizing maternal glycemia from early pregnancy (Diabetes Care)
Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Alterations in Cardiovascular System in Early Childhood
Our results provide evidence that maternal GDM is associated with offspring cardiovascular adaptations at preschool age. Further studies are needed to replicate our results and the long-term effect of these adaptations on later cardiovascular risks needs further investigation (Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews)
The Association between Gut Microbiota and Insulin Therapy in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Insulin therapy changed maternal gut microbiota composition, which could be transferable to their newborns (Canadian Journal of Diabetes)
Addition of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring to standard care in a cohort of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: effect on glycaemic control and pregnancy outcomes
isCGM use provided an initial improvement in glycaemic control that was not sustained. Furthermore, offspring of isCGM users were more likely to have neonatal hypoglycaemia, with similar rates of macrosomia and prematurity to those of women receiving standard care (Diabetologia)
Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent Deterioration in Glycemic Status Among South Asian Women With Recent Gestational Diabetes
This study found that a large proportion of women in South Asian urban settings developed dysglycemia soon after a GDM-affected pregnancy and that a lifestyle intervention, modified owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, did not prevent subsequent glycemic deterioration (JAMA)
Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Expression and Clinical Significance in Patients with Gestational Diabetes
The abnormal expression of HOTAIR in pregnant women with GDM made it a potential diagnostic biomarker for GDM (International Journal of General Medicine)
Relationship Between Time-in-Range, HbA1c, and the Glucose Management Indicator in Pregnancies Complicated by Type 1 Diabetes
GMI may better reflect glycemic control than HbA1c in early pregnancy (Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics)
Real-world screening for diabetes in early pregnancy: Improved screening uptake using universal glycated haemoglobin
Universal early pregnancy HbA1c appears feasible as an early screening test for women at risk of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and would expedite and increase screening in Aboriginal women compared to an early OGTT (Primary Care Diabetes)
Prediction model for the onset risk of impaired fasting glucose: a 10-year longitudinal retrospective cohort health check-up study
The prediction model for the onset risk of IFG had good predictive ability in the health check-up cohort (BMC Endocrine Disorders)
Effect of Maternal Metformin Treatment in Pregnancy on Neonatal Metabolism: Evidence From Newborn Metabolic Screening
We have identified subtle (nonpathological) changes in neonatal metabolism that represent a signature effect of fetal metformin exposure (Diabetes Care)
Efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring on maternal and neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Women with GDM using CGM may achieve lower average blood glucose levels, lower maternal weight gain and infant birth weight than women using BGM. Nevertheless, current evidence is limited by the low number of studies and the small sample sizes of these studies. Larger clinical trials are needed to better understand the effects of CGM in GDM (Diabetic Medicine)
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