The inter-practice variation in the prescription of newer insulins is large and could only be partially explained by patient- and practice-related differences. This indicates substantial opportunities for improvement (British Journal of General Practice)
Diabetes News
Category: Medication
The current role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus management
The primary objective of this article is to examine the clinical benefit, safety, and tolerability of the four SGLT2 inhibitors approved by the US FDA. SGLT2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion via inhibiting SGLT2 to decrease renal reabsorption of filtered glucose and reduce the renal threshold for glucose (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Role of human organic cation transporter-1 (OCT-1/SLC22A1) in modulating the response to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes
Taken together, our results corroborate the role of OCT-1 in the transport of metformin and also point at OCT1 genetic variations possibly affecting the transport of metformin into the cells and hence its subsequent action in responders and non-responders (BMC Endocrine Disorders)
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Initiating First-Line Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Metformin
As first-line T2D treatment, initiators receiving SGLT-2i showed a similar risk for MI/stroke/mortality, lower risk for HHF/mortality and HHF, and a similar safety profile except for an increased risk for genital infections compared with those receiving metformin (Annals of Internal Medicine)
Mediators of ertugliflozin effects on heart failure and kidney outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes
In these analyses from the VERTIS CV trial, markers of volume status and haemoconcentration and/or haematopoiesis were the strongest mediators of the effect of ertugliflozin on reducing risk of HHF and composite kidney outcomes in the early and average change periods (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Sitagliptin / Metformin hydrochloride Accord
On 19 May 2022, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorisation for the medicinal product Sitagliptin/Metformin hydrochloride Accord, intended for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Empagliflozin add-on therapy to closed-loop insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes: a 2 × 2 factorial randomized crossover trial
While no diabetic ketoacidosis or severe hypoglycemia occurred during any intervention, uncomplicated ketosis events were more common on empagliflozin. Empagliflozin 25 mg d−1 added to automated insulin delivery improves glycemic control but increases ketone concentration and ketosis compared to placebo (Nature Medicine)
Dorzagliatin add-on therapy to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial
In patients with T2D who experienced inadequate glycemic control with metformin alone, dorzagliatin resulted in effective glycemic control with good tolerability and safety profile (Nature Medicine)
Management of type 2 diabetes with the dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide: a systematic review and meta-analysis
A dose-dependent superiority on glycaemic efficacy and body weight reduction was evident with tirzepatide vs placebo, GLP-1 RAs and basal insulin. Tirzepatide did not increase the odds of hypoglycaemia but was associated with increased incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events (Diabetologia)
Comparison of cardiovascular outcomes between SGLT2 inhibitors in diabetes mellitus
The risks for subsequent development of HF, MI, AP, stroke, and AF were comparable between individual SGLT2 inhibitors. This is the first study comparing the wide-range cardiovascular outcomes of patients with DM treated with individual SGLT2 inhibitors using large-scale real-world data (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Estimated Life-Years Gained Free of New or Recurrent Major Cardiovascular Events With the Addition of Semaglutide to Standard of Care in People With Type 2 Diabetes and High Cardiovascular Risk
Adding semaglutide to SoC was associated with a gain in life-years free of CVD events that was dependent on baseline CVD risk and age at treatment initiation. This study helps contextualize the results of semaglutide clinical trials (Diabetes Care)
Infarct size, inflammatory burden, and admission hyperglycemia in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with SGLT2-inhibitors: a multicenter international registry
Type 2 diabetic AMI patients receiving SGLT2-I exhibited significantly reduced inflammatory response and smaller infarct size compared to those receiving other OAD agents independently of glucose-metabolic control (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Risk of Bladder and Renal Cancer: Scandinavian Cohort Study
Use of SGLT2 inhibitors, as compared with GLP-1 receptor agonists, was not associated with a statistically significant increase in risk of bladder cancer (Diabetes Care)
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials
We concluded that GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy could reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular causes and fatal or non-fatal stroke compared with the placebo in the treatment of T2DM patients in trials with cardiovascular outcomes (BMC Endocrine Disorders)
Bioequivalence Studies of New Generic Formulations of Vildagliptin and Fixed-Drug Combination of Vildagliptin and Metformin Versus Respective Originator Products in Healthy Volunteers
The new generic drug products of vildagliptin and the FDCs of vildagliptin and metformin demonstrated bioequivalence to the approved originator products and are therefore expected to provide similar therapeutic effects (Diabetes Therapy)
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prescribing patterns in adolescents with type 2 diabetes
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved two GLP-1RAs, liraglutide 1.8 mg/d and exenatide extended-release (ER), for T2D in youth aged 10 years or older.2 However, little is known about GLP-1RA prescribing patterns in youth. The objective of this retrospective chart review was to explore GLP-1RA prescribing practices for adolescents with T2D (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Mechanisms underlying the blood pressure lowering effects of dapagliflozin, exenatide, and their combination in people with type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial
The dapagliflozin-induced plasma volume contraction may contribute to the initial SBP reduction, while a reduction in SNS activity may contribute to the persistent SBP reduction (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events regardless of metformin use: a post hoc subgroup analysis of SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6
These findings indicate that the CV outcomes for semaglutide were similar regardless of baseline metformin use, which may also apply to all GLP-1RAs (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Impact of Cotadutide drug on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Cotadutide is safe and effective in reducing plasma glucose levels, HbA1c and body weight in individuals with type 2 diabetes (BMC Endocrine Disorders)
Global use of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes. Results from DISCOVER
Global use of glucose-lowering medications with established cardiovascular benefits has increased over time but remains suboptimal, particularly in sub-groups most likely to benefit. Substantial country-level variability exists independent of patient factors, suggesting structural barriers may limit more widespread use of these medications (BMC Endocrine Disorders)
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