Sitagliptin increases eMSCs and decreases decidual senescence. A large-scale clinical trial evaluating the impact of preconception sitagliptin treatment on pregnancy outcome in RPL is feasible and warranted (EBioMedicine)
Diabetes News
Category: Medication
Fournier’s gangrene and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Data from RCTs do not show an increased risk of FG among patients, unlike pharmacovigilance reports, but the number of recorded cases is small (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Persistent whole day meal effects of three dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors on glycemia and hormonal responses in metformin‐treated type 2 diabetes
DPP‐4 inhibition has persistent daytime effects on glucose, islet and incretin hormones with no difference between three different DPP‐4 inhibitors (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Incretin‐based glucose‐lowering medications and the risk for acute pancreatitis and malignancies ‐ a meta‐analysis based on cardiovascular outcomes trials
Based on a large database of randomized, placebo‐controlled, prospective cardiovascular outcomes studies with GLP‐1 receptor agonists and DPP‐4 inhibitors, no signal for pancreatic cancer or any malignant neoplasms was detected. However, a 75% risk increase for development of an acute pancreatitis was seen in the meta‐analysis of DPP‐4 inhibitor CVOTs (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Among patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction, the risk of worsening heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes was lower among those who received dapagliflozin than among those who received placebo, regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes (NEJM)
Occurence of First and Recurrent Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events With Liraglutide Treatment Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and High Risk of Cardiovascular Events
These results suggest that liraglutide treatment is associated with reduced total MACE compared with placebo among patients with type 2 diabetes and high risk of cardiovascular events. This analysis supports the findings of an absolute benefit of liraglutide treatment with respect to the overall burden of cardiovascular events in this high-risk patient population (JAMA Cardiology)
Glycemic efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist on top of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor treatment compared to sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
This meta-analysis suggests that a GLP-1RA/SGLT-2i combination, if tolerated, exerts significant beneficial effects on glycemic control and body weight loss, however increasing the risk for any hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal adverse event (Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice)
Switching Patients with Type 1 Diabetes to Insulin Degludec from Other Basal Insulins: Real-World Data of Effectiveness and Safety
Switching patients with type 1 diabetes to IDeg from other basal insulins was associated with relevant improvements in metabolic control and glycemic variability without weight gain; the risk of hypoglycemic episodes also significantly declined (Diabetes Therapy)
Oral semaglutide for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Oral semaglutide can effectively and safely reduce blood glucose, body weight and systolic blood pressure. Nevertheless, it is associated with increased incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Improving Type 2 Diabetes Management in General Practice Using a Second-Generation Basal Insulin Analogue Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL: A Practical Guide
The clinical application of the use of Gla-300 include advantages such as less intra- and interpatient variability in glucose control resulting in rather less hypoglycaemia, longer duration of action and greater flexibility in the timing of administration thus suiting a wide range of patient presentations (Diabetes Therapy)
Costarting sitagliptin with metformin is associated with a lower likelihood of disease progression in newly treated people with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study
Costarting drug therapy with sitagliptin and metformin was associated with a lower likelihood of disease progression in people with type 2 diabetes compared with adding sitagliptin later (Diabetic Medicine)
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors: A Clinician’s Guide
This comprehensive review covers the historical background, physiology, application in type 2 diabetes, novel uses, cardiovascular benefits, side effects and contraindications of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity)
New capsule can orally deliver drugs that usually have to be injected
Coated pill carries microneedles that deliver insulin and other drugs to the lining of the small intestine (MIT)
Lessons learned from the DAPA-HF trial concerning the mechanisms of benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors on heart failure events in the context of other large-scale trials nearing completion
The DAPA-HF trial substantially extends the benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors in slowing the evolution and progression of heart failure, particularly in patients with a reduced ejection fraction (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Association of Treatment With Metformin vs Sulfonylurea With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Among Patients With Diabetes and Reduced Kidney Function
Among patients with diabetes and reduced kidney function persisting with monotherapy, treatment with metformin, compared with a sulfonylurea, was associated with a lower risk of MACE (JAMA)
Effect of Linagliptin vs Glimepiride on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes – The CAROLINA Randomized Clinical Trial
Among adults with relatively early type 2 diabetes and elevated cardiovascular risk, the use of linagliptin compared with glimepiride over a median 6.3 years resulted in a noninferior risk of a composite cardiovascular outcome (JAMA)
Role of incretin‐based therapy in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes
Based on the available evidence, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors should be considered for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes and an algorithm for this is proposed (Figure 1). In relation to the use of GLP‐1 and GLP‐1 receptor agonist, further research is required to help define their role in the inpatient setting (Journal of Diabetes Investigation)
Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Oral Semaglutide Versus Placebo Added to Insulin ± Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: the PIONEER 8 Trial
Oral semaglutide was superior to placebo in reducing HbA1c and body weight when added to insulin ± metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. The safety profile was consistent with other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (Diabetes Care)
Oral Semaglutide versus Empagliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled on Metformin: The PIONEER 2 Trial
Oral semaglutide was superior to empagliflozin in reducing HbA1c but not body weight at 26 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin. At week 52, HbA1c and body weight (trial product estimand) were significantly reduced versus empagliflozin. Oral semaglutide was well tolerated within the established safety profile of GLP-1 receptor agonists (Diabetes Care)
SGLT2 inhibitors for the prevention of kidney failure in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
SGLT2 inhibitors reduced the risk of dialysis, transplantation, or death due to kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes and provided protection against acute kidney injury. These data provide substantive evidence supporting the use of SGLT2 inhibitors to prevent major kidney outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology)
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