We suggest that reduced muscle glucose uptake in obesity is not due to defects in the insulin signaling pathway at the level of Akt/AS160, which suggests there remain significnt gaps in our knowledge of muscle insulin resistance in obesity. Our data imply that models of acute lipotoxicity don’t replicate the pathophysiology of obesity (Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism)
Diabetes News
Category: Obesity
Durability of glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis for its association with body weight changes
Modest weight loss with a goal of 2‐3% of body weight should be recommended to improve therapeutic durability and prevent beta‐cell deterioration (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Liraglutide for Adolescents with Obesity
In adolescents with obesity, the use of liraglutide (3.0 mg) plus lifestyle therapy led to a significantly greater reduction in the BMI standard-deviation score than placebo plus lifestyle therapy (NEJM)
Time Course of Normalization of Functional β-Cell Capacity in the Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial After Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes
A gradual increase in assessed functional β-cell capacity occurred after weight loss, becoming similar to that of NDC group participants by 12 months. This result was unchanged at 2 years with continuing remission of type 2 diabetes (Diabetes Care)
Long-Term Weight Loss With Metformin or Lifestyle Intervention in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
Among persons with weight loss of at least 5% after 1 year, those originally randomly assigned to metformin had the greatest loss during years 6 to 15. Older age and the amount of weight initially lost were the most consistent predictors of LTWL maintenance (Annals of Internal Medicine)
Adiposity and Diabetes Risk in Adults with Prediabetes: Heterogeneity of Findings Depending on Age and Anthropometric Measure
The association of central adiposity with type 2 diabetes incidence was lower for people in the older age group than for those in the younger age group (Obesity)
Uptake and retention in group-based weight-management services
Literature review and behavioural analysis (Public Health England)
Childhood obesity: Time for action
Current estimates suggest that nearly a third of children aged 2 to 15 in the UK are overweight or obese. These children and young people are becoming obese at an earlier age and staying obese for longer. The personal cost for children living with a lifetime of obesity is immense and they are more than twice as likely to die prematurely as a result (Parliament, UK)
Comparison of Surgical and Medical Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes in Severely Obese Adolescents
Compared with medical therapy, surgical treatment of severely obese adolescents with type 2 diabetes was associated with better glycemic control, reduced weight, and improvement of other comorbidities (JAMA Pediatrics)
Lifestyle Intervention and Medical Management With vs Without Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Control of Hemoglobin A1c, LDL Cholesterol, and Systolic Blood Pressure at 5 Years in the Diabetes Surgery Study
In extended follow-up of obese adults with type 2 diabetes randomized to adding gastric bypass compared with lifestyle and intensive medical management alone, there remained a significantly better composite triple end point in the surgical group at 5 years. However, because the effect size diminished over 5 years, further follow-up is needed to understand the durability of the improvement (JAMA)
Body mass index and all-cause mortality among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: Findings from the 5-year follow-up of the MADIABETES cohort
In an outpatient T2DM Mediterranean population sample, low BMI predicted all-cause mortality only in males (European Journal of Internal Medicine)
Obese, overweight with risk factors: liraglutide (Saxenda)
This evidence summary discusses 4 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in adults who were obese or overweight (BMI 27 kg/m2 or above) with a variety of weight-related comorbidities including dyslipidaemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea (NICE)
Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years
The rapid increase in the prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem (NEJM)
Effect of Weight Reduction on Hemoglobin A1c in weight loss trials of Type 2 Diabetes Patients
The model developed here estimates that for each kg of mean weight loss, there is a mean HbA1c reduction of 0.1 % units … this summary of data may be used to support the design and interpretation of future studies that aim to demonstrate the efficacy of weight loss interventions for T2D treatment (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Comparison of body mass index at diagnosis of diabetes in a multiethnic population
Risk patterns of developing diabetes at different levels of obesity varies between ethnic groups across all age groups, while South Asians and African-Caribbeans carry the highest risk at younger age and at lower adiposity burden (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Serum stearic acid/palmitic acid ratio as a potential predictor of diabetes remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in obesity
The association of S/P with the metabolic status of obese individuals was further validated in a cross-sectional cohort of 381 participants. In summary, higher baseline S/P was associated with greater probability of diabetes remission after RYGB and may serve as a diagnostic marker in preoperative patient assessment (FASEB)
Nonlinear association of BMI with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus
In type 2 diabetes, BMI is nonlinearly associated with all-cause mortality with lowest risk in the overweight group in both men and women. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship with cardiovascular mortality and assess causality and sex differences (Diabetologia)
Attitudes to obesity
Findings from the 2015 British Social Attitudes survey (Public Health England)
BMI at Age 17 Years and Diabetes Mortality in Midlife: A Nationwide Cohort of 2.3 Million Adolescents
Adolescent BMI, including values within the currently accepted “normal” range, strongly predicts DM mortality up to the seventh decade (Diabetes Care)
Body Mass Index at Age 17 and Diabetes Mortality in Midlife: A Nationwide Cohort of 2.3 Million Adolescents
Adolescent BMI, including values within the currently accepted “normal” range, strongly predicts DM mortality up to the seventh decade. The increasing prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity points to a substantially increased future adult DM burden (Diabetes Care)
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