Restoration of the insulin-induced eNOS phosphorylation in the endothelial cells completely reverses the reduction in the capillary recruitment and insulin delivery, and as a result, significantly restores glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle. In the present review, we describe the recent progress in research on the physiological and pathophysiological roles of endothelial insulin signaling in the regulation of insulin-induced glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle (Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders)
Diabetes News
Glycosmedia is dedicated to bringing free, non-promotional, editorially independent news to a global audience about developments in diabetes, and is primarily aimed at health professionals.
Mechanisms of action of Sitagliptin Used Alone or With Metformin in T2D
M+S combined produce additive effects to 1) reduce FPG and postmeal PG, 2) augment GLP-1 secretion and ß-cell function, 3) decrease plasma glucagon, and 4) inhibit fasting and postmeal EGP compared with M or S monotherapy (Diabetes Care)
Improvement ßcell function via long-term continuous sc insulin infusion
ß-cell function was significantly improved in patients with non-newly diagnosed and suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes after achieving and maintaining optimal glycemic control with long-term CSII therapy alone (Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews)
Lilly Announces Positive Results of Phase III Trials of Dulaglutide T2D
Lilly plans to present detailed data from the AWARD studies at scientific meetings in 2013 and 2014. The company expects to submit dulaglutide to regulatory authorities in 2013 (Lilly)
Find novel dual-agonist drugs for treating T2D with cheminformatics
It is anticipated that the ten compounds may become potential drug candidates, or at the very least, the findings reported here may stimulate new strategies or provide useful insights for designing new and more powerful dual-agonist drugs for treating type 2 diabetes (Drug Design, Development and Therapy)
Hypoglycemia & Diabetes: Report of workgroup ADA & Endocrine Society
The workgroup reconfirmed the previous definitions of hypoglycemia in diabetes, reviewed the implications of hypoglycemia on both short- and long-term outcomes, considered the implications of hypoglycemia on treatment outcomes, presented strategies to prevent hypoglycemia, and identified knowledge gaps that should be addressed by future research (Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism)
Sponsorship of a new monthly Glycosmedia editorial
The editors of Glycosmedia are looking for sponsors for a new monthly editorial that will appear on the Glycosmedia website and the weekly newsletter. Full details via the above link or from Jim Young, Editor-in-chief jim@glycosmedia.com
Co-morbidity & selection of pharmacotherapy in T2D
Guidelines fail to advice on the use of specific antidiabetic drugs in patients with comorbidity. The literature is deficient in studies documenting antidiabetic drug use in patients with severely impaired renal function, diabetic retinopathy, cerebrovascular disease and systolic heart failure (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Vildagliptin & metformin improve retinal blood flow
Our results suggest that vildagliptin might exert beneficial effects on retinal microvascular blood flow beyond glucose control. In contrast, the improvement in erythrocyte deformability observed in both treatment groups, seems to be a correlate of improved glycaemic control (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Oramed Submits New IND Application for Oral Insulin Trial in the US
Oramed submitted a new Investigational New Drug application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for a sub-study on its oral insulin candidate, ORMD-0801 (Oramed)
Expansion of Homeostasis Model Assessment of ß-Cell Function and IR
iHOMA2 is an extended mathematical model for the assessment of insulin resistance and ß-cell function. The model can be used to evaluate therapeutic agents and predict effects on fasting glucose and insulin and on ß-cell function and insulin sensitivity (Diabetes Care)
Coronary artery calcium prediction mortality & cardiovascular events T2D
In people with type 2 diabetes, a coronary artery calcium score of 10 or greater predicts all cause mortality or cardiovascular events, or both, and cardiovascular events alone, with high sensitivity but low specificity (BMJ)
Canagliflozin compared with Sitagliptin for T2D
Findings suggest that canagliflozin may be a new therapeutic tool providing better improvement in glycemic control and body weight reduction than sitagliptin, but with increased genital infections in subjects with type 2 diabetes using metformin plus sulfonylurea (Diabetes Care)
Self-monitoring among non-insulin treated patients with T2D
Responding to SMBG test results and increased testing frequency were not associated with improved glycaemic control in the short-term. There is a lack of knowledge surrounding SMBG in non-insulin treated patients (Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice)
Fundamental Role of DPP-4 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Based on an expanding and favorable literature describing their use in various patient populations, the guidelines of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) and the recently updated guidelines from the American Diabetes Association (ADA) assign these agents a central role in the treatment of T2D (Endocrine Practice)
Influence insulin sensitivity & glycated albumin & HbA1c in GDM
Compared with HbA1c, GA is more closely correlated with fasting and postprandial glucose, regardless of insulin resistance and blood pressure, and might be a better monitoring index in women with GDM (Gynecology & Obstetrics)
Once-Daily Lixisenatide T2D Inadequately Controlled Insulin Glargine
Adding lixisenatide to insulin glargine improved overall and postprandial hyperglycemia and deserves consideration as an alternative to prandial insulin for patients not reaching HbA1c goals with recently initiated basal insulin (Diabetes Care)
HbA1c targets in type 2 diabetes: guidelines and evidence
Here we examine the evidence and guideline recommendations for HbA1c targets (DTB, BMJ)
The GENFIEV Study
Among subjects with NGT, those with 1-hour OGTT glucose of >155 mg/dL showed lower insulin sensitivity, impaired ß-cell function, and worse cardiovascular risk profile and therefore are at greater risk of developing T2DM and cardiovascular disease (Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism)
e-learning module: improving junior doctors’ confidence and ability
This study demonstrates that an inpatient diabetes management e-module increases junior doctors’ knowledge and confidence in managing diabetes. A multi-centre study would be needed to confirm whether this translates into better management of inpatients with diabetes (Practical Diabetes)
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