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Diabetes News Service

Diabetes News

Category: Pathology

Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Diabetes: A Narrative Review

We concluded that sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are closely linked with diabetes. More attention to sleep in regular diabetes care is warranted, while further research is needed on treatment of sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances in the prevention of diabetes and its suboptimal outcomes (Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity)

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diabetes services: planning for a global recovery

The COVID-19 pandemic exemplifies the collective effects of politics, economics, social factors, and technology on a pandemic, whereby acute infectious disease and chronic disease meet. Whether at the individual or the community level, acute infections such as COVID-19 and chronic diseases (eg, diabetes) are inexorably related. The response to them needs to be coordinated similarly (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology)

Long-term Outcomes Among Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Based on Durability of Glycemic Control: Results From the TODAY Cohort Study

Higher baseline HbA1c concentration and FG variability during year 1 accurately predicted youth with T2D who will experience metabolic decompensation and comorbidities. These values may be useful tools for clinicians when considering early intensification of therapy (Diabetes Care)

Liver, visceral and subcutaneous fat in men and women of South Asian and white European descent: a systematic review and meta-analysis of new and published data

South Asian men and women appear to store more ectopic fat in the liver compared with their white European counterparts with similar BMI levels. Given the emerging understanding of the importance of liver fat in diabetes pathogenesis, these findings help explain the greater diabetes risks in South Asians (Diabetologia)

Association between triglyceride glucose index and atherosclerotic plaques and Burden: findings from a community-based study

Elevated TyG index was associated with increased odds of atherosclerosis in coronary/intra- and extracranial arteries. Compared with HOMA-IR, the TyG index was more strongly associated with intracranial atherosclerosis. Moreover, discordantly high TyG index with HOMA-IR was also important for atherosclerosis identification (Cardiovascular Diabetology)

The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on serum glucose levels in children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus: a single group clinical trial

It seems that 8 weeks of NMES has beneficial effects on the reduction of FBS and TDD of insulin therefore, it could be suggested as the contributory treatment in management of children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes (BMC Endocrine Disorders)

Comparative effect of metformin versus sulfonylureas with dementia and Parkinson’s disease risk in US patients over 50 with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Metformin users compared with sulfonylurea users were associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia, AD and VD but not with PD or MCI. Age and renal function modified risk reduction. Our findings support the hypothesis that metformin provides more neuroprotection for dementia than sulfonylureas but not for PD, but further work is required to assess causality (BMJ)

Association Between SGLT2 Inhibitor Treatment and Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Mortality in People With Type 2 Diabetes Admitted to Hospital With COVID-19

We demonstrate a low risk of DKA and high mortality rate in people with T2D admitted to hospital with COVID-19 and limited power, but no evidence, of increased risk of DKA or in-hospital mortality associated with prescription of SGLT2is (Diabetes Care)

The Gut Microbiome Composition Is Altered in Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes and Associates With Glycemic Control and Disease-Related Complications

Our data show that the gut microbiome is altered in people with (long-standing) type 1 diabetes and is associated with glycemic control and diabetes-related complications. As a result of the cross-sectional design, the causality of these relationships remains to be determined (Diabetes Care)

Correlation Between Blood Glucose Control and Levels of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Both CA19-9 and CEA might be elevated at low levels in patients with T2DM; levels were closely correlated to the degree of glycemic control (Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity)

ACG Clinical Guideline: Gastroparesis

These guidelines summarize perspectives on the risk factors, diagnosis, and management of gastroparesis in adults (including dietary, pharmacological, device, and interventions directed at the pylorus), and they represent the official practice recommendations of the American College of Gastroenterology

New Discovered Adipokines Associated with the Pathogenesis of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

This review aims to summarize several adipokines discovered recently that have promising functions in obesity and T2DM. Among them, the levels of FSTL1, WISP1 and Asprosin in subjects with obesity or diabetes are commonly higher than in normal controls, suggesting that they may be pathogenic. Inversely, SFRP5, Metrnl, NRG4 and FAM19A5 may serve as the protective factors ( Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity)

Metagenomic analysis reveals crosstalk between gut microbiota and glucose-lowering drugs targeting the gastrointestinal tract in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a 6 month, two-arm randomised trial

This study reveals common microbial responses in type 2 diabetes patients treated with two glucose-lowering drugs targeting the gut differently and acceptable performance of baseline gut microbiota in classifying individuals with different GLP-1 responses to vildagliptin. Our findings highlight bidirectional interactions between gut microbiota and glucose-lowering drugs (Diabetologia)

Prevalence and factors associated with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): a cross-sectional study

The study established a LADA prevalence of 5.1% among T2D patients and has shown the role of GAD autoantibody in the screening for LADA. The study calls for a well- designed larger longitudinal study to generate strong evidence on the association of risk factors and complications associated with the LADA (BMC Endocrine Disorders)

Association Between the Tissue and Circulating Advanced Glycation End-Products and the Micro- and Macrovascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes: The DIABAGE Study

Skin autofluorescence appears to be a useful marker for investigating both micro- and macrovascular complications in T1D. In this study, pentosidine was associated with macroangiopathy and MGH1 with nephropathy among the circulating AGEs. Furthermore, the correlations between PWV and AGEs may suggest their value in early prediction of vascular complications in T1D (Diabetes Therapy )

Associations between reductions in routine care delivery and non-COVID-19-related mortality in people with diabetes in England during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based parallel cohort study

Our results show an increased risk of mortality in those who did not receive all eight care processes in one or both of the previous two years. Our results provide evidence that the increased rate of non-COVID-19-related mortality in people with diabetes in England observed between July 3, and Oct 15 of 2021 is associated with a reduction in completion of routine diabetes care processes following the pandemic onset in 2020 (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology)

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