Investigative efforts have centered on prevention, aiming to either delay or prevent disease onset. However, that requires the elucidation of the relevant pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to the pancreatic beta-cell destruction thought to be the root cause of type 1 diabetes (NEJM)
Diabetes News
Category: Prevention
Public Health Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes Prevention: the US National Diabetes Prevention Program and Beyond
Successful type 2 diabetes prevention strategies are being realized in the USA through the National Diabetes Prevention Program and elsewhere in the world. A multi-tiered approach involving appropriate risk targeting and whole-population efforts is essential to curb the global diabetes epidemic (Current Diabetes Reports)
An Anti-CD3 Antibody, Teplizumab, in Relatives at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
Teplizumab delayed progression to clinical type 1 diabetes in high-risk participants (NEJM)
Long-term Effects of Metformin on Diabetes Prevention: Identification of Subgroups That Benefited Most in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
Metformin reduces the development of diabetes over 15 years. The subsets that benefitted the most include subjects with higher baseline fasting glucose or HbA1c and women with a history of GDM (Diabetes Care)
Prevention and reversal of Type 2 diabetes: highlights from a symposium at the 2018 Diabetes UK Annual Professional Conference
Effective prevention and long term reversal of Type 2 diabetes is feasible. The impact upon the individual must be considered during delivery of advice and support (Diabetic Medicine)
Effects of Aspirin for Primary Prevention in Persons with Diabetes Mellitus
Aspirin use prevented serious vascular events in persons who had diabetes and no evident cardiovascular disease at trial entry, but it also caused major bleeding events. The absolute benefits were largely counterbalanced by the bleeding hazard (NEJM)
Preventing Type 2 Diabetes
This professional resource outlines how to optimise the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme (NHS DPP) in order to identify those already found to be at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes and offer support that will help them reduce their risk of developing the disease (Public Health England)
Lactation Duration and Progression to Diabetes in Women Across the Childbearing Years
This study provides longitudinal biochemical evidence that lactation duration is independently associated with lower incidence of diabetes. Further investigation is required to elucidate mechanisms that may explain this relationship (JAMA)
Effect of Hydrolyzed Infant Formula vs Conventional Formula on Risk of Type 1 Diabetes – The TRIGR Randomized Clinical Trial
Among infants at risk for type 1 diabetes, weaning to a hydrolyzed formula compared with a conventional formula did not reduce the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes after median follow-up for 11.5 years. These findings do not support a need to revise the dietary recommendations for infants at risk for type 1 diabetes (JAMA)
Effect of Oral Insulin on Prevention of Diabetes in Relatives of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Among autoantibody-positive relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes, oral insulin at a dose of 7.5 mg/d, compared with placebo, did not delay or prevent the development of type 1 diabetes over 2.7 years. These findings do not support oral insulin as used in this study for diabetes prevention (JAMA)
Preventing type 2 diabetes: systematic review of studies of cost-effectiveness of lifestyle programmes and metformin, with and without screening, for pre-diabetes
The economics of preventing diabetes are complex. There is some evidence that diabetes prevention programmes are cost effective, but the evidence base to date provides few clear answers regarding design of prevention programmes because of differences in denominator populations, definitions, interventions and modelling assumptions (BMJ)
Long-term Sustainability of Diabetes Prevention Approaches
In adults at risk for diabetes, LSM and medications (weight loss and insulin-sensitizing agents) successfully reduced diabetes incidence. Medication effects were short lived. The LSM interventions were sustained for several years; however, their effects declined with time, suggesting that interventions to preserve effects are needed (JAMA)
Evaluation of a type 2 diabetes prevention program using a commercial weight management provider for non-diabetic hyperglycemic patients referred by primary care in the UK
A UK primary care referral route partnered with this commercial weight management provider can deliver an effective DPP. The lifestyle changes and weight loss achieved in the intervention translated into considerable reductions in diabetes risk, with an immediate and significant public health impact (BMJ Open, Diabetes Research & Care)
Type 2 diabetes: prevention in people at high risk
This guideline covers how to identify adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes. It aims to remind practitioners that age is no barrier to being at high risk of, or developing, the condition (NICE)
Rationale, Design, and Baseline Characteristics of the Utopia Trial for Preventing Diabetic Atherosclerosis Using an SGLT2 Inhibitor: A Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group Comparative Study
Our study is expected to provide clinical data that will be helpful in the prevention of diabetic atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (Diabetes Therapy)
Type 2 diabetes prevention. Standing committee C update
Addendum consultation (NICE)
The Effectiveness of Lifestyle Adaptation for the Prevention of Prediabetes in Adults: A Systematic Review
Lifestyle adaptation reduced the incidence of diabetes development more than standard treatment. Furthermore, better glycaemic control, improved physical exercise capacity, and increased weight reduction were observed with lifestyle intervention over standard treatment (Journal of Diabetes Research)
Cost-effectiveness of population-based, community, workplace and individual policies for diabetes prevention in the UK
The model enables a wide range of diabetes prevention interventions to be evaluated according to cost-effectiveness, employment and equity impacts over the short and long term, allowing decision-makers to prioritize policies that maximize the expected benefits, as well as fulfilling other policy targets, such as addressing social inequalities (Diabetic Medicine)
Diabetes and its drivers: the largest epidemic in human history?
To prevent type 2 diabetes, a better understanding of the drivers of the epidemic is needed (Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology)
Weight loss efficacy of a novel mobile Diabetes Prevention Program delivery platform with human coaching
Our findings support the effectiveness of a uniquely mobile prediabetes intervention, producing weight loss comparable to studies with high engagement, with potential for scalable population health management (BMJ)
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