In this issue of JAMA, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) addresses this important issue with a new Recommendation Statement on screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents based on an Evidence Report and Systematic Review of the evidence on screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic, nonpregnant persons younger than 18 year (JAMA)
Diabetes News
Category: Screening
A Longitudinal Assessment of Diabetes Autoantibodies in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study
DA status likely remains stable in the first 7 years after diabetes diagnosis. Younger age at diabetes diagnosis and longer duration were associated with less persistence of DAs. Measuring DAs after initial presentation may aid in diabetes classification but not likely in predicting the clinical course (Pediatric Diabetes)
Attendance in a national screening program for diabetic retinopathy: a population-based study of 205,970 patients
In a national cohort of 205,970 patients, almost half of the patients attended DR screening later than scheduled or dropped out after first screening episode. This was, in particular, true for patients with any levels of DR at baseline. DR progression in patients with delayed attendance, increased with the number of missed appointments (Acta Diabetologica)
Digital innovations for retinal care in diabetic retinopathy
Advances in digital health have created an ecosystem ripe for telemedicine in the field of DR to thrive. Stakeholders and policymakers should adopt a participatory approach to ensure sustained implementation of these technologies after the COVID-19 pandemic (Acta Diabetologica)
Diabetic retinopathy screening in the emerging era of artificial intelligence
Although clinically implemented AI-based diabetic retinopathy screening, integration of mobile devices and ocular telemedicine are still in their infancy, the technology is evolving rapidly and there is little doubt that these concepts will be able to optimise diabetic retinopathy screening within a few years (Diabetologia)
Two-age islet-autoantibody screening for childhood type 1 diabetes: a prospective cohort study
Our results show that initial screening for islet autoantibodies at two ages (2 years and 6 years) is sensitive and efficient for public health translation but might require adjustment by country on the basis of population-specific disease characteristics (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology)
Oral Fat Tolerance Testing Identifies Abnormal Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance
In individuals with normal glucose tolerance, β-cell function and insulin sensitivity gradually decrease with a deterioration in the lipid profile. Not only fasting TG but also postprandial TG concentrations are independent risk factors for impaired β-cell function and insulin resistance (Journal of Diabetes Investigation)
Discovery of a Biomarker Signature That Reveals a Molecular Mechanism Underlying Diabetic Kidney Disease via Organ Cross Talk
AI-assisted discovery of the biomarker signature reveals a potential molecular mechanism underlying the complex interorgan communication occurring during DKD pathogenesis (Diabetes Care)
Screening Strategy for Islet Autoantibodies in Diabetes Patients of Different Ages
In patients stratified according to the cutoff age of 35 years, the optimal detection sequence should be GADA, IA-2A, and ZnT8A in younger patients and GADA, ZnT8A, and IA-2A in older patients, so as to reduce the screening cost while improving the detection rate. Particularly, the ZnT8A test is recommended in older patients to avoid a missed LAD diagnosis (Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics)
Ambulatory Glucose Profile (AGP) Report in Daily Care of Patients with Diabetes: Practical Tips and Recommendations
Report and illustrate the essential components of an AGP review in a series of hypothetical, real-world, patient-centred case studies (Diabetes Therapy)
A systematic review of the prevalence, risk factors and screening tools for autonomic and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in children, adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes
Prevalence of neuropathy in youth with type 1 diabetes varies depending on different screening methods and characteristics of the study populations. However, the assessed studies confirmed a relatively high prevalence of subclinical neuropathy, reiterating the importance of early identification of risk factors to prevent this complication (Acta Diabetologica)
Improvements in Awareness and Testing Have Led to a Threefold Increase Over 10 Years in the Identification of Monogenic Diabetes in the U.K.
Since 2009, referral rates and case diagnosis have increased threefold. This is likely to be the consequence of tNGS, GDN education, and use of the MODY calculator (Diabetes Care)
Characterising the age-dependent effects of risk factors on type 1 diabetes progression
Analysing the age-varying effect of disease predictors improves understanding and prediction of type 1 diabetes disease progression, and should be leveraged to refine prediction models and guide mechanistic studies (Diabetologia)
Plasma metabolomic profiling in subclinical atherosclerosis: the Diabetes Heart Study
Strikingly different metabolic signatures were associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in AA and EA DHS participants (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Association of glycated hemoglobin A1c levels with cardiovascular outcomes in the general population: results from the BiomarCaRE (Biomarker for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe) consortium
Elevated HbA1c levels were associated with cardiovascular disease incidence and overall mortality in participants without diabetes underlining the importance of HbA1c levels in the overall population (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Diabetes: Concepts of β-Cell Organ Dysfunction and Failure Would Lead to Earlier Diagnoses and Prevention
There is a potential to identify both T2D and T1D at stages well before the onset of currently recognized clinical disease (Diabetes)
Real-world screening for diabetes in early pregnancy: Improved screening uptake using universal glycated haemoglobin
Universal early pregnancy HbA1c appears feasible as an early screening test for women at risk of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and would expedite and increase screening in Aboriginal women compared to an early OGTT (Primary Care Diabetes)
Prediction model for the onset risk of impaired fasting glucose: a 10-year longitudinal retrospective cohort health check-up study
The prediction model for the onset risk of IFG had good predictive ability in the health check-up cohort (BMC Endocrine Disorders)
The importance of addressing multiple risk markers in type 2 diabetes: results from the LEADER and SUSTAIN 6 trials
In persons with type 2 diabetes, improvements in ≥2 risk markers conferred cardiovascular risk reduction versus none or 1 improved risk marker. The nephropathy risk decreased with improvement in more risk markers. These findings stress the importance of multifactorial interventions targeting all risk markers (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Epidemiological Research Advances in Vascular Calcification in Diabetes
Because basic research on the clinical transformation of vascular calcification has yet to be conducted, this study systematically expounds on the risk factors for vascular calcification, vascular bed differences, sex differences, ethnic differences, diagnosis, severity assessments, and treatments to facilitate the identification of a new entry point for basic research and subsequent clinical transformation regarding vascular calcification and corresponding clinical evaluation strategies (Journal of Diabetes Research)
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