This guideline covers care and management for adults (aged 18 and over) with type 2 diabetes. It focuses on patient education, dietary advice, managing cardiovascular risk, managing blood glucose levels, and identifying and managing long-term complications (NICE)
Diabetes News
Category: Treatment
Diabetes (type 1 and type 2) in children and young people: diagnosis and management
This guideline covers the diagnosis and management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children and young people aged under 18. The guideline recommends how to support children and young people and their families and carers to maintain tight control of blood glucose to reduce the long-term risks associated with diabetes (NICE)
An Early Assessment of the Real-World Treatment Patterns of Type 2 Diabetes: A Comparison to the 2018 ADA/EASD Consensus Report Recommendations
Prevalence of guideline-aligned treatment use in 2019 was low, particularly since many patients fit into multiple risk groups with established treatment benefits (Diabetes Therapy)
Newer long-acting insulin prescriptions for patients with type 2 diabetes: prevalence and practice variation in a retrospective cohort study
The inter-practice variation in the prescription of newer insulins is large and could only be partially explained by patient- and practice-related differences. This indicates substantial opportunities for improvement (British Journal of General Practice)
Magnitude of Glycemic Improvement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Basal Insulin: Subgroup Analyses from the MOBILE Study
While the benefit of CGM on TIR among patients with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin is apparent across the range of baseline glycemic control, the greatest impact of CGM is in those with the worst baseline glycemic control, particularly among those with HbA1c ≥10% (Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics)
Does Hepatitis C Virus Treatment by Directly Acting Antivirals Obligate Shifting Patients with Type 2 Diabetes from Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs to Insulin Therapy?
Achievement of sustained virologic response using interferon free, directly acting antivirals-based regimen was associated with significantly lower HbA1c 12 weeks after the end of therapy. The type of treatment used for type 2 diabetes (oral drugs or insulin) did not affect improved glycemic control observed after achieving sustained virologic response (Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity)
Cardiovascular and renal outcomes of initial combination therapy with glucose-lowering agents versus stepwise approach in newly diagnosed or treatment naïve type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Except for improving cardiometabolic and glycaemic parameters, a limited number of studies characterised by small sample sizes show that initial combination therapy for newly diagnosed T2D may be similar in efficacy and safety to stepwise therapy with respect to cardio-renal outcomes. There is a lack of sufficient evidence to recommend initial combination therapy with glucose-lowering agents in newly diagnosed T2D with the aim of preventing cardio-renal outcomes. Definitive RCTs are warranted (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Current Management of Glycemia in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors’ clinical recommendations (NEJM)
Incidence and Characteristics of Remission of Type 2 Diabetes in England: A Cohort Study Using the National Diabetes Audit
Remission of type 2 diabetes was generally infrequent in routine care settings but may be a reasonable goal for a subset of people who lose a significant amount of weight shortly after diagnosis (Diabetes Care)
Fenofibrate and Heart Failure Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis From ACCORD
In patients with T2D treated with simvastatin, fenofibrate reduced the composite of HF hospitalizations or cardiovascular mortality, an effect that was seen predominantly in patients with standard background glucose-lowering therapy (Diabetes Care)
Diabetes Remission in the Alliance of Randomized Trials of Medicine Versus Metabolic Surgery in Type 2 Diabetes (ARMMS-T2D)
Three-year follow-up of the largest cohort of randomized patients followed to date demonstrates that metabolic/bariatric surgery is more effective and durable than medical/lifestyle intervention in remission of type 2 diabetes, including among individuals with class 1 obesity, for whom surgery is not widely used (Diabetes Care)
The Place and Value of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Evolving Treatment Paradigm for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review
The ‘SGLT2i Prescribing Tool for T2DM Management’, previously published by the Steering Committee, has been updated to reflect the latest evidence and is provided in the Supplementary Materials to help support clinicians delivering T2DM care (Diabetes Therapy)
Automated Insulin Delivery with SGLT2i Combination Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes
In an 8-week outpatient study, addition of 5 mg daily empagliflozin to commercially available AID or PLGS systems significantly improved daytime glucose control in individuals with T1D, without increased hypoglycemia risk. However, the risk of ketosis and ketoacidosis remains (Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics)
Effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring in maintaining glycaemic control among people with type 1 diabetes mellitus
CGM is superior to SMBG in improving glycaemic control among individuals with type 1 diabetes in the community, especially in those with uncontrolled glycaemia (Diabetologia)
Personalized Type 2 Diabetes Management: An Update on Recent Advances and Recommendations
The use of a personalized approach in the management of people with T2D can reduce the cost and failure associated with the algorithmic “one-size-fits-all” approach, to anticipate disease progression, improve the response to diabetes pharmacotherapy and reduce the incidence of diabetes-associated complications (Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity)
Intra-lymphatic administration of GAD-alum in type 1 diabetes: long-term follow-up and effect of a late booster dose (the DIAGNODE Extension trial)
The effect of intra-lymphatic injections of GAD-alum had decreased after 30 months. Good responders showed a specific immune response. Administration of a fourth booster dose after 31.5 months was safe, and there was no decline in C-peptide observed during the 12-month follow-up (Acta Diabetologica)
ADA/EASD Precision Medicine in Diabetes Initiative: An International Perspective and Future Vision for Precision Medicine in Diabetes
Interest in the potential for precision medicine in the prevention, treatment, and ongoing management of diabetes continues to grow across many of the most important stakeholder groups, including people with diabetes (Diabetes Care)
Randomized Trial of Closed-Loop Control in Very Young Children with Type 1 Diabetes
A hybrid closed-loop system significantly improved glycemic control in very young children with type 1 diabetes, without increasing the time spent in hypoglycemia (NEJM)
Predictors of cardio-kidney complications and treatment failure in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes treated with SGLT2 inhibitors
Our study demonstrated high rates of residual cardio-kidney outcomes and treatment failure in patients with DKD treated with SGLT2is. Patients with high baseline CV risk and the presence of certain conditions, such as atrial fibrillation, PVD, and heart failure, were at higher risk for cardio-kidney events (BMC Medicine)
Switching from Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) Insulin to Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL in Older and Younger Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study
The switch from NPH insulin to Gla-300 improved glycemic control in older patients with T2D and in those with a longer disease duration. Older patients with T2D and those with a longer disease duration benefited even more from the switch to Gla-300 than younger patients and those with a shorter disease duration, with significantly greater reductions in the risk of hypoglycemia (Diabetes Therapy)
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