Oral semaglutide was superior to placebo in reducing HbA1c and body weight when added to insulin ± metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. The safety profile was consistent with other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (Diabetes Care)
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Tag: metformin
Metformin Use and Clinical Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes with or without Heart Failure or Kidney Dysfunction
In a cohort of 12,156 patients with T2DM and high CV risk, metformin use was associated with lower rates of all-cause mortality, including after adjustment for clinical variables and biomarkers, but not lower rates of the composite endpoint of CV death, MI, or ischemic stroke (Circulation)
Effect of metformin on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary artery diseases: a systematic review and an updated meta-analysis
Metformin reduces cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality and CV events in CAD patients. For MI patients and CAD patients without T2DM, metformin has no significant effect of reducing the incidence of CV events. Metformin has a better effect of reducing the incidence of CV events than sulfonylureas (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Mechanisms of action of metformin with special reference to cardiovascular protection
mMetformin remains well placed to support improvements in cardiovascular outcomes, from diagnosis and throughout the course of type 2 diabetes, even in this new age of improved outcomes in type 2 diabetes (Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews)
Beta-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients who failed to maintain good glycemic status with a combination of maximum dosages of metformin and sulfonylurea
In T2DM patients who failed to achieve glycemic control with a combination of maximum dosages of metformin and SU, the beta-cell function declined compared to NGT subjects. However, the beta-cells were still responsive to SUs, which play a significant role in glycemic control (Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity)
Long-Term Weight Loss With Metformin or Lifestyle Intervention in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
Among persons with weight loss of at least 5% after 1 year, those originally randomly assigned to metformin had the greatest loss during years 6 to 15. Older age and the amount of weight initially lost were the most consistent predictors of LTWL maintenance (Annals of Internal Medicine)
Impact of metformin use on the cardiovascular effects of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors: An analysis of Medicare claims data from 2007 to 2015
Incidence rate differences in multiple CV outcomes appeared more favourable when DPP‐4 inhibitor initiation occurred in the presence of metformin, suggesting a possible interaction between DPP‐4 inhibitors and metformin (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Cost‐effectiveness of intensification with sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin and sitagliptin vs direct intensification with insulin in the United Kingdom
or UK patients with T2D not at goal on metformin and sitagliptin therapy, treatment intensification with SGLT2 inhibitors prior to NPH insulin is cost‐neutral or cost‐effective compared with immediate NPH insulin intensification (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Long-term Effects of Metformin on Diabetes Prevention: Identification of Subgroups That Benefited Most in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
Metformin reduces the development of diabetes over 15 years. The subsets that benefitted the most include subjects with higher baseline fasting glucose or HbA1c and women with a history of GDM (Diabetes Care)
Double‐blind, randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy and safety of early initiation of sitagliptin during metformin uptitration in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes: The CompoSIT‐M study
In participants not at HbA1c goal on a sub‐maximal dose of metformin, addition of sitagliptin at the time of metformin dose uptitration improved glycaemic response and HbA1c goal attainment, with similar safety and tolerability, compared to metformin uptitration alone (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Metformin attenuates the postprandial fall in blood pressure in type 2 diabetes
Metformin acutely attenuates the hypotensive response to oral glucose, associated with augmented GLP‐1 secretion and delayed gastric emptying, effects potentially relevant to its favourable cardiovascular profile (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Metformin Use and Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Metformin may be safer for use in CKD than previously considered and may lower the risk of death and cardiovascular events in individuals with stage 3 CKD (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Cardiovascular Benefits of Acarbose vs Sulfonylureas in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Metformin
In T2D treatment, the use of acarbose as an add-on remedy to metformin was associated with lower risks of major atherosclerotic events, ischemic stroke, and hypoglycemia compared with the use of sulfonylurea as an add-on remedy (Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism)
A variant of the glucose transporter gene SLC2A2 modifies the glycaemic response to metformin therapy in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes
The variant rs8192675 in the SLC2A2 gene (C allele) is associated with an improved glucose response to metformin monotherapy during the first year after diagnosis in type 2 diabetes (Diabetologia)
Double‐blind, randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy and safety of early initiation of sitagliptin during metformin up‐titration in treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes: the CompoSIT‐M Study
In participants not at HbA1c goal on a sub‐maximal dose of metformin, addition of sitagliptin at the time of metformin dose up‐titration improved glycemic response and HbA1c goal attainment with similar safety and tolerability compared to metformin up‐titration alone (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Cost‐effectiveness of intensification with SGLT2i in Type 2 Diabetes patients on metformin and sitagliptin compared to direct intensification with insulin in the United Kingdom
For UK T2D patients not at goal on metformin and sitagliptin therapy, treatment intensification with SGLT2i prior to NPH insulin is cost‐neutral or cost‐effective compared to immediate NPH insulin intensification (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Effect of metformin in addition to dietary and lifestyle advice for pregnant women who are overweight or obese: the GRoW randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
For pregnant women who are overweight or obese, metformin given in addition to dietary and lifestyle advice initiated at 10–20 weeks’ gestation does not improve pregnancy and birth outcomes (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology)
Long‐term comparative safety analysis of the risks associated with adding or switching to a sulfonylurea as second‐line Type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment in a US Veterans Affairs population
The results of the present study may inform decisions on whether to augment or discontinue metformin; when considering the long‐term risks, switching to a sulfonylurea appears unfavourable compared with other therapies. Instead, adding a thiazolidinedione to existing metformin therapy appears to be superior to adding or switching to a sulfonylurea (Diabetic Medicine)
Metformin is the key factor for elevated plasma GDF‐15 levels in type 2 diabetes: a nested, case‐control study
The relatively higher GDF‐15 bioavailability might contribute to explain the protective cardiovascular effects of metformin (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Time to Treatment Intensification After Monotherapy Failure and Its Association With Subsequent Glycemic Control Among 93,515 Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Earlier treatment intensification is associated with shorter time to subsequent glycemic control, independent of whether patients initiate first-line treatment with metformin or a sulfonylurea (Diabetes Care)
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