In patients with type 2 diabetes, SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced cardiovascular and renal outcomes, with notable differences in benefits and harms (BMJ)
Diabetes News
Category: Medication
Real-world clinical outcomes following treatment intensification with GLP-1 RA, OADs or insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes on two oral agents (PATHWAY 2-OADs)
In propensity score-matched cohorts, GLP-1 RAs demonstrated significant benefits for both glycemic control and weight management over additional OAD(s) or insulin, respectively, indicating that they may represent the optimal choice at these points in the treatment pathway (BMJ Open, Diabetes Research & Care)
Effects of dapagliflozin on major adverse kidney and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease:
Dapagliflozin reduces the risks of major adverse kidney and cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (The Lancet)
Lower cardiorenal risk with sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes without cardiovascular and renal disease
In this multinational observational study, SGLT2i was associated with a lower risk of HF and CKD versus DPP4i in patients with type 2 diabetes otherwise free from both cardiovascular and renal disease (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Potential unrealized mortality benefit of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transport‐2 inhibitors
This analysis indicates unrealized opportunities to reduce mortality in selected veterans with T2D and CAD via increased GLP‐1RA and SGLT2i use (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Comparative Efficacy of Dual and Single Initiation of Add-On Oral Antihyperglycemic Agents in Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled on Metformin Alone: A Systematic Literature Review and Network Meta-Analysis
For reduction of HbA1c, weight, and SBP in patients uncontrolled on metformin, add-on dual AHAs showed greater improvement compared to single AHAs. These findings can further inform the treatment of T2DM patients uncontrolled on metformin (Diabetes Therapy)
Trends in diabetes medication use in Canada, England, Scotland and Australia: a repeated cross-sectional analysis (2012-2017)
Use of combinations of metformin and new drug classes increased in all nations, replacing combinations involving SUs. In 2017 more patients were on DPP4s (between 19.1% and 27.6%) than on SGLT2s (between 10.1% and 15.3%). Conclusions: New drugs are displacing SUs. However, despite evidence of better outcomes, the adoption of SGLT2s lagged behind DPP4s (British Journal of General Practice)
Effect of sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on aldosterone-to-renin ratio in diabetic patients with hypertension: a retrospective observational study
SGLT2 inhibitor administration yielded minimal effects on ARR and did not increase false-negative results in PA screening in patients with diabetes and hypertension more than 2 months after administration (BMC Endocrine Disorders)
Efficacy and Safety of the Newer Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Patients with T2DM During Ramadan: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis shows clinical benefits with the glucose lowering medications in patients with T2DM who fast during Ramadan (Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice)
Dose‐dependent accumulation of glucose in the intestinal wall and lumen induced by metformin as revealed by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET‐MRI
Metformin dose is an independent determinant of FDG accumulation in the wall and lumen of the large intestine in individuals treated with this drug (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Golimumab and Beta-Cell Function in Youth with New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes
Among children and young adults with newly diagnosed overt type 1 diabetes, golimumab resulted in better endogenous insulin production and less exogenous insulin use than placebo (NEJM)
Effects of empagliflozin on first and recurrent clinical events in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a secondary analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial
Empagliflozin reduced the total burden of cardiovascular complications and all-cause admission to hospital in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology)
Sotagliflozin in Patients with Diabetes and Recent Worsening Heart Failure
In patients with diabetes and recent worsening heart failure, sotagliflozin therapy, initiated before or shortly after discharge, resulted in a significantly lower total number of deaths from cardiovascular causes and hospitalizations and urgent visits for heart failure than placebo (NEJM)
Sotagliflozin in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
In patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease, with or without albuminuria, sotagliflozin resulted in a lower risk of the composite of deaths from cardiovascular causes, hospitalizations for heart failure, and urgent visits for heart failure than placebo but was associated with adverse events (NEJM)
Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors: Are They All the Same? A Narrative Review of Cardiovascular Outcome Trials
This narrative review gives an overview of the mechanism of action and differences in the underlying pharmacology of the various SGLT2 inhibitors and discusses the key cardiovascular, heart failure and renal outcomes from completed CVOTs for SGLT2 inhibitor (Diabetes Therapy)
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor versus metformin as first-line therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multi-institution database study
In patients with T2DM, SGLT2i as first-line treatment may be associated with decreased events of heart failure hospitalization, acute coronary syndrome, and all-cause mortality, compared with metformin as first-line treatment. However, there may be an increased events of ischemic stroke using SGLT2i compared to metformin (Cardiovascular Diabetology)
Considerations for Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Patients During Hospitalization: A Narrative Review of What We Need to Know in the Age of Second-Generation Basal Insulin Analogs
It is important that HCPs are educated about the differences between standard formulary insulins and second-generation insulins, and the importance of clear communication during patient transitions (Diabetes Therapy)
Real‐world use of cardioprotective glucose‐lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: A Danish nationwide cohort study 2012‐2019
In patients with T2DM and CVD, the incidence of cardioprotective GLD initiation increased between 2012‐18, however within two years after dual diagnosis, it remained low (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Effect of liraglutide vs. placebo treatment on circulating proglucagon‐derived peptides that mediate improvements in body weight, insulin secretion and action
Effect of liraglutide vs. placebo treatment on circulating proglucagon‐derived peptides that mediate improvements in body weight, insulin secretion and action (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism)
Efficacy, renal safety and tolerability of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: A real-world experience
Efficacy, renal safety and tolerability of SGLT2i were similar in people >70 compared to 65–70 years of age, suggesting that a wider use should not be worried even in the elderly. However, some caution must be paid to the occurrence of persistent eGFR decline and orthostatic hypotension, especially in patients >70 years old (Primary Care Diabetes)
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